Psychology & Neuroscience, Vol 2, No 2 (2009)

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Regulation of Negative Emotions in High Trait Anxious Individuals: An ERP Study

Izabela Mocaiber, Mirtes Garcia Pereira, Fatima Smith Erthal, Ivan Figueira, Walter Machado Pinheiro, Mauricio Cagy, Eliane Volchan, Letícia Oliveira

Abstract


Literature has shown that failures in the ability to down-regulate negative emotions are the core substrate of anxiety disorders. Previous studies have investigated this issue by encouraging individuals to voluntarily change how they think about a situation in order to decrease its emotional impact. The majority of studies have demonstrated that explicit instructions to reduce negative affect in anxious individuals are usually not effective. Thus, the goal of the present study was instead to investigate an implicit regulation strategy. Participants (low trait anxious - LTA and high trait anxious - HTA individuals) performed an attention task (bar orientation discrimination) while emotional distractive pictures were presented. The task was performed in two different contexts: in the Real context, participants were informed that the distractive pictures had been obtained from real life situations and in whereas in the Fictitious context, that pictures had been obtained from movie scenes. In this vein, we encouraged participants to change how they appraised the pictures. Results showed that the interference produced by the pictures, indexed by the LPP, was reduced by these regulation strategies especially in high anxious individuals, emphasizing its importance to psychotherapeutic interventions. Importantly, the present results indicate that the experimental contexts matters more in high anxious than in low trait anxiety individuals.

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Printed ISSN: 1984-3054 - On Line ISSN: 1983-3288